Elephants at circus locations in India
Region: | India is in this database included in asia | Other regions | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Wild elephants: | India has about 27,312 (min. 26000, max. 28000) wild elephants. Source:Baskaran et al. (2011) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Location holdings: | 22 circus locations has kept 43 elephants in India | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elephants in circus locations | 38 (8,29) living | 5 (1,4) dead | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sex ratio and Management: |
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1840: Elephants need for timber extraction were secured from various sources within India, including transfers .from the army Commissariat, as well as from the wild as was done by the Bengal government Khedda establishment which was created in Dacca in the early 1840. (Krishnamurthy 2002) Human elephant conflict (HEC)Home to ca 60 percent of Asias elephants, India has the highest death rate from human-elephant conflict, with 200-250 people and 100 elephants killed annually. Habitat fragmentation, poaching of tusked males, and patchy forest law enforcement are problems, but numbers are rebounding. 2020: According to data shared with the Lok Sabha on September 23, close to 2,300 people were killed by elephants in the past five years until 2019, which was 10 times the number killed by tigers. Also, 400 elephants were killed by poachers or through poisoning by local residents. The Lok Sabha reply revealed that at least 433 people have been killed across West Bengal between April 2014 and September 2019. In Odisha, Jharkhand and Chhattishgarh, the death toll was 447, 391 and 329, respectively, during the period. Captive elephants2009: According to Dr B K Gupta, evaluation and monitoring officer of CZA, India had 140 elephants in 26 zoos and 16 circuses as on March 31 2009. Of these, Mysore and Trivandrum had the largest number at 9 and 8 respectively. 2009: According to the report "Captive Elephants in Zoo", (Varma, S., Sujata, S.R., Sarma, K.K., Bhanage, N., Agarwal, M., and Bhavsar, S. (2008). Captive Elephants in Zoos: An Investigation into the Welfare and Management of Captive Elephants in Zoos of India. Elephants in Captivity CUPA/ANCFTechnical Report No 4. Compassion Unlimited Plus Action (CUPA) and Asian Nature Conservation Foundation (ANCF), Bangalore, India): Andhra Pradesh had 7 elephants in 1 zoo, Assam had 9 in 1 zoo, Gujarat had 4 elephants in 2 zoos (2,2,), Karnataka had 16 elephants in 2 zoos, Kerala 1, Maharashtra 7 in 3 zoos, and Tamil Nadu had 6 elephants in 1 zoo. Among these elephants there were 32 females and 17 males (Source online publication 2020-09-21: India plans to build a biometric database and issue an ID number for every elephant in captivity across the country after the death of a pregnant female prompted an outcry. Blood samples will be taken from close to 3,000 elephants. Each will be given a unique identity number based on their DNA, under the plan set out by the government-backed conservation group Project Elephant. Karnataka2020: As per the last all-India survey, there are 8,500 elephants in Karnataka. 2008: About 163 captive elephants under five different management regimes. (Captive Elephants of Karnataka, 2008) 2018: Karnataka’s elephant camps have about 95 elephants and about 42 elephants were housed in the State zoos. (B.P. Ravi, 2018) KeralaKerala has a population of around 520 captive elephants (P.K. Kesavan , 2018). The Temple at Guruvayoor owns the largest herd of 65. Of the 702 captives in the state, only 118 are females, less than 17 per cent of the total captive population. And of the 118, more than 60 per cent have crossed the reproductive age. There is no record of a pregnancy as a result of a union between two captive elephants in the state. In the last four years two female elephants delivered, one in Kollam and another in Kottayam, but both had conceived in Assam. 2009: By 2009, about 700 elephants were in captivity across the state of Kerala: Private individuals owned 508 elephants, temples had 174, forest camps had 8 and a zoo was home to 2 elephants. Tamil NaduIn Tamil Nadu (formerly the Madras Presidency) the Forest-Department had been maintaining elephants for over 140 years. In the Anamallais, the elephant camp was located in Sungam (now in Kerala) till the state reorganization in 1956. Subsequently in 1956 the camp was shifted to Varagaliar in the Ulandy valley and continues there. The Theppakkadu Elephant Camp was established in 1927 in Mudumalai Range. In the Anamallais where large areas were cleared for planting with teak, elephant capturing operation was taken up in 1889 and until and up to 1972 more than 600 elephants were captured from wild to meet the demand for working elephants. In Mudumalai, elephant capturing was taken up in 1910 and continued till 1953. (Krishnamurthy 2002) 2002: at Mudhumalai 27 elephants (12 at Theppakadu camp, 15 at Abhayaranyam camp) 16 in AnamaIlais(9 at Varagaliar camp, 1 at Kozhikamuthi camp and 6 are deputed for "anti elephant depredation work" surrounding tea gardens at Valaparai and at Manomboli), 5 elephants in Arignar Anna Zoolologica) Park and one at the Childrens Comer, Guindy. Thus in total there are 49 animals on the roll overall under the management of Govt. of Tamil Nadu. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name | Elephant collection | Type | Place | District | Province | State | Region | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ajanta Circus Kept totally 6 elephants | , 6 present (1,4) | 0 births | 0 relocated | 0 deaths | circus | Kolkata (map) | West Bengal | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amaar Circus Kept totally 4 elephants | , 4 present (1,3) | 0 births | 0 relocated | 0 deaths | circus | Calicut (map) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gemini Circus Kept totally 9 elephants | , 0 present (0,0) | 0 births | 8 relocated | 1 deaths | circus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Golden Circus Kept totally 1 elephants | , 1 present (0,1) | 0 births | 0 relocated | 0 deaths | circus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Grand Circus Kept totally 1 elephants | , 1 present (0,1) | 0 births | 0 relocated | 0 deaths | circus | Bangalore | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Great Bombay Circus Kept totally 3 elephants | , 0 present (0,0) | 0 births | 3 relocated | 0 deaths | circus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Great Indian Circus Kept totally 0 elephants | , 0 present (0,0) | 0 births | 0 relocated | 0 deaths | circus | Kolhapur | Kolhapur district | Pune division | Maharashtra | western peninsular India | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Great Rayman Circus Kept totally 0 elephants | , 0 present (0,0) | 0 births | 0 relocated | 0 deaths | circus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Great Royal Circus (Madhuskar’s Royal Circus) Kept totally 6 elephants | , 4 present (1,3) | 0 births | 0 relocated | 2 deaths | circus | Thane | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indian Bahadur Circus Kept totally 1 elephants | , 0 present (0,0) | 0 births | 1 relocated | 0 deaths | circus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jamuna Circus Kept totally 1 elephants | , 0 present (0,0) | 0 births | 1 relocated | 0 deaths | circus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jumbo Circus Kept totally 9 elephants | , 6 present (1,5) | 0 births | 1 relocated | 2 deaths | circus | Kannur | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kamala Circus Kept totally 1 elephants | , 0 present (0,0) | 0 births | 1 relocated | 0 deaths | circus | Thalassery | Kannur district, Kerala | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Moonlight circus Kept totally 9 elephants | , 3 present (1,2) | 2 births | 6 relocated | 0 deaths | circus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Olympic Circus Kept totally 4 elephants | , 4 present (0,4) | 0 births | 0 relocated | 0 deaths | circus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parashuram Circus Kept totally 1 elephants | , 0 present (0,0) | 0 births | 1 relocated | 0 deaths | circus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Patwardhan Royal Circus Kept totally 0 elephants | , 0 present (0,0) | 0 births | 0 relocated | 0 deaths | circus | Kolhapur | Kolhapur district | Pune division | Maharashtra | western peninsular India | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rajkamal Circus Kept totally 4 elephants | , 4 present (1,3) | 0 births | 0 relocated | 0 deaths | circus | Punjab | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rambo Circus Kept totally 4 elephants | , 0 present (0,0) | 0 births | 4 relocated | 0 deaths | circus | Bengaluru (map) | Karnataka | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Russian Empire Circus Kept totally 5 elephants | , 5 present (2,3) | 0 births | 0 relocated | 0 deaths | circus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S.A.M. Circus Kept totally 1 elephants | , 0 present (0,0) | 0 births | 1 relocated | 0 deaths | circus | Kakinada | Andhra Pradesh | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Venus Circus (Maharaja Circus) Kept totally 1 elephants | , 0 present (0,0) | 0 births | 1 relocated | 0 deaths | circus |