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Unnamed
born 2023-09-04 at
Indianapolis Zoo
♀
Irma
died 2023-09-25 at
Rotterdam Zoo
♀
Frosja
relocated 2023-09-21 to
Sofia Zoo
Tusks
Present selection >>>
Anatomy
Ears
Feet
Heart
Lungs
Molars
Skeleton
Skull
Teeth
Testicles
Trunk
Tusks
Uterus
Definition of Tusks
From the
elephant glossary
Section:
elephant anatomy
Famous tusker Plai Thongbai, with owner Lun Salangam, Ban Ta Klang, Surin, Thailand.
Random Literature
Tusks are elephants incisive
Teeth
. There is a pulp inside, and thy have "open roots" why the tusks continue to grow throughout their lifetime, even if they get shortened.
About half the tusk is visible, the rest of the unexposed tusk goes inside the cranium, why poachers always kills the elephants so they can remove all the
Ivory
.
Asian female elephants may have
Tushes
, or no tusks at all.
Asian male elephants may also be
Tuskless
, or have smaller
Tushes
, in India they are referred to as
Makhna
, and in Thailand
Sidor
or Sedor.
Due to
Poaching
during the eighties in some areas in India like Periyar, there was an increasing number of
Tuskless
elephants.
Recently, the percentage of African elephants that do not develop tusks has been steadily increasing in many regions, suggesting that some varieties of the African elephant are losing the tusk as an evolutionary mechanism against
Poaching
. (Christina Larson)
Harvesting of wild populations can cause the evolution of morphological, behav-ioral, and life history traits that may compromise natural or sexual selection. Despite the vulnerability of large mammals to rapid population decline from harvesting, the evolutionary effects of harvesting on mega-fauna have received limited attention. In elephants, illegal
Ivory
harvesting disproportionately affects older age classes and males because they carry large tusks, but its' effects on tusk size for age or tusk size for stature are less understood. (Dave Kim)
Internal relevant links on website www.elephant.se
Tusks mentioned in The Elephant Database
3 articles about countries in the elephant database match the word
Tusks
.
China
Sri Lanka
Thailand
17 locations holdings in the elephant database match the word
Tusks
.
Circus Carl Hagenbeck-Stellingen
, circus in Hamburg
Circus Kludsky
, circus in Jirkov
Forepaugh-Sells Show
, circus in
Gorongosa National Park
, wild in Beira
Great Royal Circus (Madhuskar’s Royal Circus)
, circus in Thane
Haag Circus
, circus in Marianna, Florida
Hannover Zoo
, zoo in Hannover
John Robinson Circus
, circus in Terrace Park
Lowry Park Zoo
, zoo in Tampa, Florida
Manis Mastodon site
, excavation site in
Marsabit National Reserve
, wild in Marsabit, Eastern Province
Museo Civico di Zoologia
, museum in Roma
Russian State Darwin Museum
, museum in
Sequim Museum & Arts
, museum in Sequim, Washington,
Sonepur Fair
, dealer in Orissa
Vrijburgh royal menagerie
, zoo in Recife
Wallace and Co Circus
, circus in Peru, Indiana
108 elephants in the elephant database match the word Tusks
LA-M
Ahmed
born 1919 arrived 1919-00-00 at
Marsabit National Reserve
in
Kenya
EM-M
Albert
born 1888 arrived 1919-00-00 at
Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus
in
United States
, from
Ringling Bros. Circus
, in
United States
.
LA-M
Ali
born arrived 1875-07-00 at
Budapest Zoo
in
Hungary
, from
Port of Trieste
, in
Italy
.
LA-F
Alyce
born 1950? arrived at
Amboseli National Park
in
Kenya
LA-F
Alyce
born 1950? arrived at
Amboseli National Park
in
Kenya
LA-F
Amy
born 1952? arrived at
Amboseli National Park
in
Kenya
LA-F
Amy
born arrived at
Amboseli National Park
in
Kenya
LA-F
Anastasia
born arrived at
Samburu National Reserve
in
Kenya
EM-M
Atork
born arrived at
Putang village elephant camp
in
Cambodia
LC-M
Babar
born 1956 arrived 1960-00-00 at
Sri Lanka National Zoological Gardens (Dehiwela Zoo)
in
Sri Lanka
, from
International Fertilizer and Chemical Company (Fred Zeehandelaar)
, in
United States
.
EM-M
Bac Kham
born 1961 arrived at
Y Bo Ksor
in
Vietnam
EM-M
Bac Plang
born 1979 arrived 2005-00-00 at
Y Lit Ksor
in
Vietnam
, from
Dak Nong province unspecified camp
, in
Vietnam
.
EM-M
Bak Mai
born arrived 2016-12-00 at
Airavata Elephant Foundation
in
Cambodia
, from
Poulong elephant village
, in
Cambodia
.
EM-M
Bhogeshwara
born 1962? arrived at
Bandipur National Park
in
India
EM-F
Blairs elephant
born arrived 1683-00-00 at
Abraham Sever
in
Netherlands
, from
Jean Baptista Jansen
, in
Belgium
.
EM-F
Bobby
born 1965? arrived at
Amer Fort elephant village
in
India
, from
Rafeek Khan
, in
India
.
EM-M
Boonkong
born arrived at
FAE Elephant Hospital
in
Thailand
EM-M
Bosco
born arrived at
Unknown
in
Unknown
, from
Carl Hagenbecks Tierpark (Neue Pferdemarkt)
, in
Germany
.
EM-M
Boy
born 1910 arrived 1929-00-00 at
Munich Zoo
in
Germany
, from
Circus Carl Hagenbeck-Stellingen
, in
Germany
.
EM-M
Bunta
born 1989 arrived 2016-01-00 at
Serbajadi Conservation Response Unit (CRU)
in
Indonesia
, from
Aceh unspecified location
, in
Indonesia
.
EM-M
Chao Phraya Prab Trayworayak
born arrived at
Jessadabodindra, king Rama III of Thailand
in
Thailand
LC-M
Congo
born 1936 arrived 1936-00-00 at
Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus
in
United States
, from
New York Harbour
, in
United States
.
LA-M
David Sjölanders elephant
born arrived at
Huila Province
in
Angola
LA-F
Duchess
born 1970 arrived 1977-04-04 at
Paignton Zoo Environmental Park
in
United Kingdom
, from
Longleat Safari Park
, in
United Kingdom
.
EM-M
Dwiki
born arrived 2022-12-18 at
Aek Nauli Elephant Conservation Camp
in
Indonesia
, from
Barumun Nagari wildlife sanctuary
, in
Indonesia
.
LA-F
Echo (wild)
born 1945? arrived at
Amboseli National Park
in
Kenya
LA-F
Ellie
born 1982 arrived 2003-04-18 at
Lowry Park Zoo
in
United States
, from
Knoxville Zoo
, in
United States
.
EM-M
Gautam
born 1988 arrived at
Thungru Kohora elephant camp (Kaziranga)
in
India
EM-M
Gemunu
born 1991 arrived at
Yala Ruhunu National Park
in
Sri Lanka
EM-M
Grand
born 1995-07-08 arrived 2014-06-12 at
Tbilisi Zoo
in
Georgia
, from
Yerevan Zoo
, in
Armenia
.
EM-M
Harry
born 1890 arrived 1905-06-08 at
Berlin Zoo
in
Germany
, from
Carl Hagenbecks Tierpark (Stellingen)
, in
Germany
.
EM-M
Hope (Yod Doi)
born 2000-08-00 arrived at
Elephant Nature Park (ENP)
in
Thailand
, from
Elephant Heaven Nature Park (Sangduen Chailert)
, in
Thailand
.
LA-M
Isilo (wild)
born arrived at
Tembe Elephant Park
in
South Africa
EM-M
Jana Raja
born arrived at
Kandy Sri Dalada Maligawa Temple of the Tooth
in
Sri Lanka
, from
Sri Lanka unspecified location
, in
Sri Lanka
.
LA-F
Jezebel (wild)
born ~1935 arrived at
Amboseli National Park
in
Kenya
EM-M
Joyraj
born <1944 arrived at
Bagori elephant camp (Kaziranga)
in
India
, from
Thungru Kohora elephant camp (Kaziranga)
, in
India
.
LA-M
Julian
born ~1970 arrived at
Tsavo National Park
in
Kenya
EM-M
Kammuen
born 1997 arrived at
Unknown
in
Unknown
, from
FAE Elephant Hospital
, in
Thailand
.
EM-M
Kandula
born 2001-11-25 arrived 2015-10-00 at
Oklahoma City Zoo
in
United States
, from
Smithsonian National Zoological Park
, in
United States
.
EM-M
Kataragama Vasana
born 1970 arrived 1978-00-00 at
Kataragama Kiri Vehera Dewalaya
in
Sri Lanka
, from
Sri Lanka National Zoological Gardens (Dehiwela Zoo)
, in
Sri Lanka
.
LA-M
Kenani (wild)
born arrived at
Tsavo National Park
in
Kenya
LA-M
Khartoum
born 1903 arrived 1907-06-25 at
Bronx Zoo
in
United States
, from
Firma Carl Hagenbeck
, in
Germany
.
EM-M
Kuttisankaran
born 1962 arrived 1969-00-00 at
Guruvayur Devaswom elephant camp
in
India
, from
Kuttisankaran Nair
, in
India
.
EM-M
Major
born arrived 1935-11-00 at
Cole Brothers Circus
in
United States
, from
William H. Woodcock
, in
United States
.
LA-M
Makadebona (wild)
born arrived at
Tembe Elephant Park
in
South Africa
EM-F
Mary (Big Mary, Murderous Mary)
born 1886 arrived 1898-00-00 at
Sparks Circus
in
United States
LA-F
Matjeka
born 1991 arrived 2003-08-21 at
Lowry Park Zoo
in
United States
, from
Mkhaya Game Reserve
, in
Swaziland
.
LA-F
Mbali
born 1989 arrived 2003-08-21 at
Lowry Park Zoo
in
United States
, from
Mkhaya Game Reserve
, in
Swaziland
.
MA-
Moorland Mastodon
born arrived at
Moorland swamp
in
United States
, from
North America unspecified forest
, in
United States
.
LA-M
Msholo
born 1989 arrived 2019-07-24 at
Atlanta Zoo
in
United States
, from
San Diego Zoo Safari Park
, in
United States
.
EM-M
Nauke
born <1906 arrived 1916-03-00 at
Circus Carl Hagenbeck-Stellingen
in
Germany
, from
Carl Hagenbecks Tierpark (Stellingen)
, in
Germany
.
EM-M
Nauke
born arrived 2022-12-20 at
Leipzig Zoo
in
Germany
EM-M
Nawam Raja (Dhala Puttawa)
born 1954 arrived at
Gangaramaya Temple
in
Sri Lanka
, from
Jayachamaraja Wadiyar Bahadur
, in
India
.
LA-M
Nkoitoi
born 1973? arrived at
Masai Mara
in
Kenya
, from
Africa unspecified location
, in
Africa unspecified country
.
EM-M
Noi
born arrived 2013-04-00 at
Surin unspecified Elephant Camp
in
Thailand
, from
Na Jomtien Elephant Camp
, in
Thailand
.
LA-
noname (wild)
born arrived at
Caprivi Strip
in
Namibia
LA-
noname (wild)
born arrived at
Caprivi Strip
in
Namibia
LA-
noname (wild)
born arrived at
Caprivi Strip
in
Namibia
LA-
noname (wild)
born arrived at
Caprivi Strip
in
Namibia
LA-
noname (wild)
born arrived at
Caprivi Strip
in
Namibia
LA-
noname (wild)
born arrived at
Caprivi Strip
in
Namibia
LA-
noname (wild)
born arrived at
Caprivi Strip
in
Namibia
LA-
noname (wild)
born arrived at
Caprivi Strip
in
Namibia
LA-
noname (wild)
born arrived at
Caprivi Strip
in
Namibia
LA-
noname (wild)
born arrived at
Caprivi Strip
in
Namibia
LA-
noname (wild)
born arrived at
Caprivi Strip
in
Namibia
LA-
noname (wild)
born arrived at
Caprivi Strip
in
Namibia
LA-
noname (wild)
born arrived at
Caprivi Strip
in
Namibia
LA-
noname (wild)
born arrived at
Caprivi Strip
in
Namibia
LA-
noname (wild)
born arrived at
Caprivi Strip
in
Namibia
LA-
noname (wild)
born arrived at
Caprivi Strip
in
Namibia
LA-
noname (wild)
born arrived at
Caprivi Strip
in
Namibia
LA-
noname (wild)
born arrived at
Caprivi Strip
in
Namibia
EM-M
noname (wild)
born arrived at
Yok Don National Park
in
Vietnam
EM-M
Old John
born arrived 1919-00-00 at
Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus
in
United States
, from
Ringling Bros. Circus
, in
United States
.
EM-M
Pa-Lor-Aa (Riang Ngun)
born 1977 arrived at
Anantara Golden Triangles Elephant Camp
in
Thailand
, from
Surin unspecified Elephant Camp
, in
Thailand
.
EM-F
Pavan Mala
born 1972? arrived at
Amer Fort elephant village
in
India
EM-M
Pha Tulu
born arrived at
Tak Province unspecified location
in
Thailand
LA-M
Pilane
born 1963? arrived 1998-00-00 at
Pilanesberg National Park
in
South Africa
, from
Kruger National Park
, in
South Africa
.
EM-M
Pilate (Pilot)
born arrived 1895-00-00 at
Great Wallace Brothers
in
United States
, from
Cook and Whitby Shows (Ben Wallace)
, in
United States
.
EM-M
Plai Klao
born arrived at
Ayutthaya Royal Elephant Kraal
in
Thailand
EM-M
Pom Pam
born arrived at
Khao Lak Elephant Home
in
Thailand
LC-F
Pouquois (Puqua)
born 1936 arrived 1936-00-00 at
Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus
in
United States
, from
New York Harbour
, in
United States
.
EM-M
Rajah
born 1938 arrived at
Millangoda elephant camp
in
Sri Lanka
EM-M
Rashit
born 1978? arrived at
Amer Fort elephant village
in
India
, from
Husna Bano
, in
India
.
EM-M
Rio (Ryo)
born arrived 1919-00-00 at
Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus
in
United States
, from
Ringling Bros. Circus
, in
United States
.
EM-M
Sammy
born 1908 arrived 1933-07-10 at
Belle Isle Nature Zoo (Safariland, Detroit Zoo)
in
United States
, from
Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus
, in
United States
.
EM-M
Santhosh
born 1975-05-15 arrived 1975-05-15 at
Theppakadu Mudumalai Forest Camp (MFC)
in
India
LA-M
Sarara
born 1990 arrived at
Samburu National Reserve
in
Kenya
EM-F
Shanthi
born 1976 arrived 1992-11-12 at
Smithsonian National Zoological Park
in
United States
, from
Syracuse Zoo (Rosamond Gifford Zoo)
, in
United States
.
LA-F
Sophi
born 1968 arrived 1989-09-15 at
Indianapolis Zoo
in
United States
, from
African Lion Safari (Ontario)
, in
Canada
.
LA-F
Sudan
born 1936 arrived 1936-00-00 at
Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus
in
United States
, from
Al G Barnes-Sells Floto Circus
, in
United States
.
LA-M
Tembe (wild)
born ~1984 arrived 2019-09-07 at
Addo Elephant National Park
in
South Africa
, from
Tembe Elephant Park
, in
South Africa
.
LA-F
Teryl (wild)
born 1995-01-00 arrived at
Amboseli National Park
in
Kenya
EM-M
Thiruvambadi Valiya Chandrasekharan
born 1935? arrived at
Thiruvambadi Devaswom temple
in
India
, from
Maharaja Chithira Thirunal Balarama Varma of Travancore
, in
India
.
EM-M
Thong Kham
born 1994 arrived 2008-00-00 at
Yok Don National Park elephant camp
in
Vietnam
, from
Vietnam Circus Federation
, in
Vietnam
.
EM-M
Thong Ngan
born 1994 arrived at
Yok Don National Park elephant camp
in
Vietnam
, from
Yok Don National Park
, in
Vietnam
.
EM-M
Tippoo Sultan
born 1806 arrived 1837-00-00 at
Purdy, Welch & Co
in
United States
, from
The Zoological Institute
, in
United States
.
LA-F
Tombi
born 1976 arrived 1989-06-12 at
Indianapolis Zoo
in
United States
, from
Potter Park Zoo
, in
United States
.
LA-F
Tonie
born 1967? arrived at
Amboseli National Park
in
Kenya
EM-M
Toung Taloung
born arrived 1885-00-00 at
P. T. Barnum
in
United States
, from
Barnum and London Circus
, in
United States
.
EM-M
Tusko
born 1971 arrived 2005-06-20 at
Portland Zoo (Metro Washington Park Zoo)
in
United States
, from
Have Trunk Will Travel (Gary and Kari Johnson)
, in
United States
.
EM-M
Tusko (Ned)
born 1890 arrived 1932-10-08 at
Seattle Zoo (Woodland Park Zoo)
in
United States
, from
George ”Slim” Lewis
, in
United States
.
LC-F
unknown
born 1936 arrived 1936-00-00 at
Howard Y. Bary
in
United States
, from
Gangala-na-Bodio Elephant Domestication Center
, in
Congo
.
LC-F
unknown
born 1936 arrived 1936-00-00 at
Howard Y. Bary
in
United States
, from
Gangala-na-Bodio Elephant Domestication Center
, in
Congo
.
EM-M
unknown
born arrived at
Surin unspecified Elephant Camp
in
Thailand
LC-unknown
unknown
born arrived at
Vrijburgh royal menagerie
in
Brazil
, from
John Maurice of Orange
, in
Netherlands
.
LP-M
Victor
born arrived at
King Pyrrhus of Epirus
in
Greece
, from
Ptolemy II Philadelphus
, in
Egypt
.
Reference list
Koehl, Dan, (2023).
Tusks
. Elephant Encyclopedia, available online retrieved 20 September 2021 at
https://www.elephant.se/index.php?id=41
. (
archived
at the
Wayback machine
)
Sources used for this article is among others:
Christina Larson. Why no tusks? Poaching tips scales of elephant evolution. Oct. 21, 2021. PhysOrg.
https://phys.org/news/2021-10-tusks-poaching-scales-elephant-evolution.html.
Accessed on October 21, 2021 ** Dave Kim, Illegal tusk harvest and the decline of tusk size in the African elephant,
https://www.academia.edu/33750442/Illegal_tusk_harvest_and_the_decline_of_tusk_size_in_the_African_elephant?email_work_card=abstract-read-more
Selected publications
Links about Tusks
Selected external links
for this article
about Tusks:
Matthias Seewald, Christine Gohl, Monika Egerbacher, Stephan Handschuh, Kirsti Witter; Endodontic Treatment of a Traumatic Tusk Fracture With Exposed Pulp in an Asian Elephant ( Elephas maximus), online at
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34873958/
Dave Kim, Illegal tusk harvest and the decline of tusk size in the African elephant,
https://www.academia.edu/33750442/Illegal_tusk_harvest_and_the_decline_of_tusk_size_in_the_African_elephant?email_work_card=abstract-read-more
External relevant search
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