Year 197 in the Elephant culture history

Mahout

Rumbling

Musth

Khedda

Ivory

ERF

CITES

Culling

Diestrus

Graze

Grooming

Kalouk

Lactational anestrus

Laibat

Lanugo

Lop-ear

Lumbar depression

Machan

Maturity

Monovular

Natality

NiIa

Singoung

Savanna

Testiconda

Tetanus

Hunting

AERP

Elephant Pox

Artificial insemination

EEHV

Italian Union of Zoo Directors

Italian National Association of scientific Museums, Zoos, Aquariums and Botanical Gardens (ANMS)

Elephant attacks

Carol Buckley

Walding Zoo

Givskud Zoo

Pinnawala elephant orphanage

Tilburg Zoo

Circus Vargas

Wolfgang Delfts

Taronga Dubbo Western Plains Zoo

Circus Corty Althoff

Vergel Safari Park

African Lion Safari (Ontario)

Singapore Zoo

Port Lympne Zoo

Winston Wildlife Safari

Toronto Zoo

Ramat Gan Zoo

Dompierre Le Pal Zoo

Maesa Elephant Camp

Gladys Porter Zoo

Woburn Safari Park

Beekse Bergen Safaripark

Circus Pinder-Jean Richard

Monde Sauvage Safari, Aywaille

Knowsley Safari Park

Blair Drummond Safari and Adventure Park

Madras Vandalur Zoo

Africam Safari (Puebla Zoo)

Blackpool Zoo

Fasano Zoosafari

Lambton Lion Park

Australia Zoo

Circus World (Polk City)

J. C. Schulz Inc.

Busch Gardens Houston

Polack Brothers Circus

Franzen Brothers Circus

Lion Country Safari, Inc - Grand Prairie

Clark and Walters Wild Animal Circus

Menagerie du Paris Jardin des Plantes

Islamabad Marghazar Zoo

Enchanted Village

Okinawa Zoo

North Carolina Zoo

Fukuyama Zoo

Samburu National Reserve

Crandon Park Zoo

The Natural Bridge Zoo

Moorpark College Exotic Animal Training and Management (EATM) Program

Dawn Animal Agency (The Sanctuary for Animals)

Skanda Vale Temple

Gerry Cottles Circus

Kora National Park

Miyazaki City Phoenix Zoo

West Midland Safari Park

Sells and Gray Circus

Bannerghatta National Park

Wingst Baby Zoo

Vejle Zoo (Himmelpind)

Dhaka Mirpur Zoo

Madrid Zoo (Casa de Fieras)

Tropicanim

Madras Zoo (Moore Market Complex)

Popcorn Park Zoo

Jumbo Circus

Circus Aramant

Circus Brumbach

Limburg Zoo (Zwartberg Zoo)

Pilanesberg National Park

Plymouth Zoo

Mangalamkunnu brothers

Six Flags Wild Safari (Six Flags Great Adventure)

Lion Country Safari, Inc - Laguna Hills

Fund for Animals Black Beauty Ranch

Kanpur Allen Forest Zoo

Knuthenborg Park & Safari

Walter Schulz Co

Khao Kheow Open Zoo

Circus Bartok

Belo Horizonte Zoobotanica

Belle Vue Zoological Gardens

Yongin Everland theme park and zoo

Cleethorpes Zoo

Pakawi Park (Olmense Zoo)

Jungle Habitat

Grömitz Zoo (Zoo Arche Noah)

Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve (KTWR)

Bardia National Park (BNP)

Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary

Way Kambas national park (WKNP)

August Künzler Big Game Ranch

Peter Ryhiner

Circus Althoff-Jacobi

Biligirirangana Hills

East Coast Camel Co (Brian Watson)

The Crystal Palace

Harry Malter Piste Circus

Clyde Bros. Circus (Howard Suesz)

Austen Brothers Circus

Austen Cottle Circus

Amazing Animals (Jim Clubb-Sally Chipperfield)

Hanoi Zoo

Mudumalai Game Hut elephant camp

Sherwood Zoo

Circus Williams (Carl Conley)

Lake Superior Zoological Gardens (Duluth Zoo)

Miller-Johnson Circus

Largo Wild Life Preserve

Dreamland Safari Wild Animal Park

Long Island Game Farm

Bremen Zoo (Bremer Tierpark)

Circus Williams-Althoff

Tony Jaa (Tatchakorn Yeerum)

Pattaya Elephant Village

Wilpattu elephant orphanage

Samaragiri Club Concept Elephant Bath

Cat Tien National Park

Sheldricks elephant orphanage

Kilimanjaro National Park

River Gambia National Park

Carden & Johnson Circus

Clyde Brothers-Carden-Johnson Circus

Tierhandlung Fockelmann

Mill Mountain Zoo

Wellingborough Zoo

Buellton Wild Animal Park (Ted and Pat Derby)

Howling Wolf Lodge and Wild Animal Sanctuary

Cirque Pinder-Charles Spiessert

Cirque Jean Richard

Emerson wild animal farm (Ralph Emerson)

Guthrie Shows & Great American Carnival Company

Pat Derbys famous wild animals

Brunkensen Kinderzoo

Circus Francordia (Circus Luna)

Fiumicino Safari Park

South Luangwa National Park

Bolshoi Moscow State Circus

Biratnagar Hattisar (Sunsari hattisar)

Romanshorn Zoo

Satkosia Tiger Reserve

Pombia Safari Park Lago Maggiore

Tay Nguyen Biological Ecology Museum

Turin Regional Museum of Natural Science

Queen Elizabeth II of England

Government of Cameroon

Circus Rolando Orfei (Hanmar Circus, Coda Prin)

Circo Royal

Circus Frankello (Edmund Frank)

Ibadan Zoo

Robinson Family Circus

Sequim Museum & Arts

Agenor Zoo

Natural History Museum of Ege University

Tianjin Zoo

Chengdu Zoo

Circus Bonanza

Veterinärinstitutet in Stockholm

Circus Gatini

Schwaben-Park Gmeinweiler-Kaiserbach

Circle M Zoo

Joe Fred Lansou

• elephant head-keeper 2017-2022 at Lok Kawi Wildlife Park (Sabah Zoo) in Malaysia

Manit Thanabat

• mahout -2021 at Surat Thani Province unspecified location in Thailand

Joaquin Arnaiz

• elephant keeper -2021 at Cabarceno Zoo Obregon in Spain
• director 2013- at Circus World Museum in United States

P. Kaliappan

• mahout -2019 at Kurumbapatti Zoological Park in India

Choeung Team

• elephant owner -2017 at Putang village elephant camp in Cambodia

Mob Sreng

• elephant owner -2016 at Poulong elephant village in Cambodia

Nathan Jamieson

• elephant keeper -2010 at Taronga Dubbo Western Plains Zoo in Australia
• elephant head-keeper 2010-2010 at Abu Camp in Botswana

Chandan Alahakoon

• -2008 at Serendib Elephant Project in Botswana

Piyal Pedige

• elephant keeper -2008 at Serendib Elephant Project in Botswana

Darren Cockrill

• elephant keeper -2000 at Port Lympne Zoo in United Kingdom

Kananan

• mahout - at Top Slip Kozhikkamuthy Elephant camp (Annaimalai) in India

Karupuswamy

• mahout - at Top Slip Kozhikkamuthy Elephant camp (Annaimalai) in India

Prakash

• mahout - at Top Slip Kozhikkamuthy Elephant camp (Annaimalai) in India

Raju

• mahout - at Top Slip Kozhikkamuthy Elephant camp (Annaimalai) in India

Christoffer Knuth

• owner 2008- at Knuthenborg Park & Safari in Denmark

Adriana Folco

• owner - at Adriana Folco-Althoffs elephants in Germany

Alexandra Finckh

• assistant director - at Circus Francordia (Circus Luna) in Germany

André Sarrasani

• owner 2000-2016 at Circus Sarrasani in Germany

Anton Frank

• owner 2012-2015 at Anton Franks elephants in Sweden

Chenda Clais

• elephant owner 2015 at Airavata Elephant Foundation in Cambodia
• president 2016- at Airavata Elephant Foundation in Cambodia

Christian Balder

• animal trainer - at Circus Willy Hagenbeck in Germany

Dirk Hebs

• elephant head-keeper - at Erfurt Zoo in Germany

Engelbert Balder

• animal trainer - at Circus Willy Hagenbeck in Germany

Filip Geier-Busch

• director 2004-2010 at Circus Busch-Roland (Circus Busch) in Germany

Filipe von Gilsa

• elephant head-keeper - at Wuppertal Zoo in Germany

Florian Richter

• owner - at Circus Florian Richter in Hungary

Franco Knie Jr.

• director 2016- at Circus Knie in Switzerland
• director 2016-now at Knies Kinderzoo in Switzerland

Fredrik Mohlin

• zookeeper 1992-1994 at Boras Zoo in Sweden
• elephant keeper 1994-1997 at Boras Zoo in Sweden
• apprentice keeper 1996-1996 at Riddles Elephant and Wildlife Sanctuarys elephants in United States
• elephant keeper 1997-2000 at Vienna Zoo in Austria
• elephant keeper 2000-2004 at Woburn Safari Park in United Kingdom
• elephant trainer 2005-2008 at Vienna Zoo in Austria

Géraldine Knie

• animal trainer - at Circus Knie in Switzerland

Graham Chipperfield

• animal trainer 1993-1998 at Ringling Brothers and Barnum and Bailey Circus (Blue Unit) in United States

Henrik Svanholm Møller

• elephant keeper 1991-1995 at Circus Benneweis in Denmark

Jamie Stockley

• animal trainer - at Natal Zoo Lion Park in South Africa

Jayachandran

• mahout - at Top Slip Kozhikkamuthy Elephant camp (Annaimalai) in India

Jenny Vidbel

• animal trainer at Ringling Brothers and Barnum and Bailey Circus (Blue Unit) in United States
• animal trainer at Big Apple Circus in United States
• owner 1999-2004 at Vidbels Old Tyme Circus (Alfred Vidbel)s elephants in United States

K. Masanan

• mahout - at Top Slip Kozhikkamuthy Elephant camp (Annaimalai) in India

Lit

• mahout - at Mekong Elephant Park in Laos

Louis Knie Jr.

• animal trainer 1993-2005 at Circus Louis Knie in Austria

Luckson Mwayemudza

• elephant keeper at Braeside Farm (Rory Hensman)s elephants in Zimbabwe
• elephant keeper-2022 at Kwantu Game Reserve in South Africa
• elephant head-keeper -2006 at Sondelani Game Lodge in Zimbabwe
• elephant keeper 2023 at Elephant & Cheetah experience in Zimbabwe

Luis Padilla

• director 2022- at Omahas Henry Doorly Zoo in United States

Mahaich Hong

• mahout - at Putang village elephant camp in Cambodia

Mani

• mahout - at Top Slip Kozhikkamuthy Elephant camp (Annaimalai) in India

Mario Berousek

• - at Europe unspecified location in Europe unspecified country

Melanie Köllner

• director - at Circus Berolina (Spindler) in Germany

Michael Embury

• elephant keeper - at Miami Metro Zoo in United States

Rebecca Simoneit-Barum

• animal trainer -2008 at Circus Barum in Germany

Richard Chipperfield Jr.

• animal trainer 1997-1998 at Ringling Brothers and Barnum and Bailey Circus (Blue Unit) in United States

Robert Stehr

• elephant head-keeper 2012-2017 at Leipzig Zoo in Germany

Sara Houcke

• animal trainer at Circus Medrano (Raoul Gibault Cirque Medrano) in France
• animal trainer-2007 at Ringling Brothers and Barnum and Bailey Circus (Blue Unit) in United States

Sascha Köllner

• animal trainer - at Circus Harlekin (Karl-Heinz Köllner) in Germany

Sheila Chipperfield

• other 1975-1979 at Coventry Zoo in United Kingdom

Sidney Balder

• animal trainer - at Circus Willy Hagenbeck in Germany

Sophie Edelstein

• director -2018 at Circus Pinder-Jean Richard in France

Susan Vidbel-Ashton

• owner 1999 at Vidbels Old Tyme Circus (Alfred Vidbel)s elephants in United States

Tendai Mapfumo

• elephant keeper 2003-2005 at Sondelani Game Lodge in Zimbabwe
• elephant keeper 2005-2013 at Kwantu Game Reserve in South Africa
• elephant keeper 2013- at Elephant Whispers in South Africa

William Köllner

• animal trainer - at Circus Harlekin (Karl-Heinz Köllner) in Germany

Kristian Keresztes

• elephant consultant at Budapest Zoo in Hungary
• elephant keeper 1997-2006 at Veszprem Kittenberger Kalman Zoo in Hungary

1978-05-05 Gatini Circus in Quebec,, Canada

† animal trainer Eloise Berchtold

fatal attack by Teak (Rajah) at Circus Gatini

1978-03-11 Chicago,, United States

† elephant keeper David Farr

fatal attack by Joyce at Hawthorn Corporation

1977 Sweden

elephant keeper Gerd Thorin

attacked by Tabu at Boras Zoo

1975 Brazil

† director Agenor Gomez

fatal attack by Bruma at Agenor Zoo

1974-04-28 Preston, Melbourne, Victoria,, Australia

† other Douglas Laing-Smith

fatal attack by Abu at Ashtons Circus

1973-06-03 United States

† elephant keeper Alvin Kelly

fatal attack by Bee (Burma) at Cole Bros. Circus (Clyde Beatty-Cole Brothers Circus)

1972-06-16 France

† director Dany Renz

fatal attack by Chiquita at Circus Rancy

1971 Germany

elephant keeper Dieter Köhler

attacked by Mapalay at Ruhr Zoo, Gelsenkirchen

1971 Germany

elephant keeper Bernd Millat

attacked by Mapalay at Ruhr Zoo, Gelsenkirchen

1971 Germany

elephant keeper Gustav Röckener

attacked by Mapalay at Ruhr Zoo, Gelsenkirchen

1971 Germany

elephant keeper Ralf Ulbrich

attacked by Mapalay at Ruhr Zoo, Gelsenkirchen

Valentin Filatov

• animal trainer - at Circus Filatov in Russia

Sonny Benneweis

• elephant trainer 1933-1979 at Circus Benneweis in Denmark
• assistant elephant trainer 1977-1980 at Circus Benneweis in Denmark

Wilhelm Windecker

• assistant director 1939-1945 at Berlin Zoo in Germany
• animal trader 1950-1952 at Brazil unspecified location in Brazil
• director 1952-1975 at Cologne Zoo (Köln Zoo) in Germany

George Lockhart Jr.

• elephant trainer -1904 at George Lockhart Sr.s elephants in United Kingdom
• ringmaster 1914-1945 at Blackpool Tower Circus in United Kingdom
• ringmaster 1923-1924 at Bertram Mills Circus in United Kingdom
• ringmaster 1928-1970 at Belle Vue Zoological Gardens in United Kingdom

Jean Hoppe

• animal trainer - at Circus Strassburger in Netherlands

Morgan Berry

• owner 1952-1965 at Morgan Berry Animal Farm in United States
• owner 1965-1979 at Elephant Mountain (Morgan Berry) in United States

John L. Chipperfield

• animal trainer 1937-1937 at Circus Scott in Sweden
• owner 1948-1978 at Chipperfield's Circus in United Kingdom

Josef Berousek

• artist - at Circus Berousek in Czech Republic

Orval Lindemann

• director -1938 at Seils & Sterling Circus (Lindemann Brothers Circus) in United States

Eloise Berchtold

• owner -1978 at Eloise Berchtolds elephants in United States
• elephant trainer 1963-1965 at Toledo Zoo in United States

Karl Wallenda

• artist 1928- at Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus in United States

David Farr

• elephant keeper -1978 at Hawthorn Corporation in United States

Gordon Howes

• animal trainer -1978 at Fossett Brothers Circus (Powell & Clarke) in Ireland

Hermann Ruhe Jr.

• owner at Firma Louis Ruhe in United States
• owner 1923-1978 at Firma Ruhe in Germany
• director 1931-1971 at Hannover Zoo in Germany
• owner 1945 at Firma Ruhe Hamburg Quarantene in Germany
• owner 1948-1978 at Ruhr Zoo, Gelsenkirchen in Germany
• owner 1969-1978 at Mallorca Safari Park in Spain
• owner 1972-1978 at Brunkensen Kinderzoo in Germany
• owner 1972-1978 at Wingst Baby Zoo in Germany

Leonida Casartelli

• owner 1945-1978 at Circus Medrano-Casartelli in Italy

Ottavio Canestrelli

• artist 1931-1932 at Circus Kludsky in Czech Republic

Maria Rasputin

• animal trainer 1929-1931 at Circus Busch (Paul Busch) in Germany
• animal trainer 1933-1933 at Cirque d´Hiver Bouglione in France
• animal trainer 1935-1937 at Hagenbeck-Wallace Circus in United States
• animal trainer 1937- at Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus in United States

Hugo Schmitt

• owner at Hugo Schmitts elephants in United States
• zookeeper at Carl Hagenbecks Tierpark (Stellingen) in Germany
• elephant keeper-1921 at Carl Hagenbecks Tierpark (Stellingen) in Germany
• elephant head-keeper 1921-1929? at Carl Hagenbecks Tierpark (Stellingen) in Germany
• chief elephant trainer 1929?-1944 at Circus Carl Hagenbeck-Stellingen in Germany
• chief elephant trainer 1944-1947 at Zoo Circus in Sweden
• elephant superintendent 1947-1950 at Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus in United States
• chief elephant trainer 1950-1953 at Mills Brothers Circus in United States
• chief elephant trainer 1954-1955 at Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus in United States
• chief elephant trainer 1956-1956 at Leonard Brothers Circus in United States
• chief elephant trainer 1963-1964 at Ringling Brothers and Barnum and Bailey Circus European Tour in United States
• chief elephant trainer 1972-1973 at Circus World (Venice) in United States

Alfred Court

• artist 1914-1918 at Ringling Bros. Circus in United States
• owner 1920-1932 at Zoo Circus (Alfred Court) in France
• animal trainer 1939-1946 at Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus in United States

Aleksandr Kornilov

• owner -1970 at Circus Kornilov in Russia
• animal trainer 1929 at Circus Filatov in Russia

Carl-Heinrich Hagenbeck

• director 1945-1956 at Carl Hagenbecks Tierpark (Stellingen) in Germany
• assistant director 1956-1977 at Carl Hagenbecks Tierpark (Stellingen) in Germany

Ferdinand Guillaume

• artist -1910 at Circus Guillaume in Italy

Ida Sanger

• artist - at Circus Sanger in United Kingdom

John F. Cuneo, Sr.

• owner - at Hawthorn Corporation in United States

Floyd King

• owner at King Bros Cole Circus Combined 3 Ring Circus in United States
• owner 1919-1925 at Sangers Great European Shows - Hugo Bros. - Harris Bros. in United States
• owner 1925-1928 at Walter L. Main Circus in United States
• owner 1925-1929 at Gentry Bros. Circus (Floyd and Howard King) in United States
• owner 1946-1950 at King Brothers Circus in United States
• owner 1950-1953 at King Brothers and Cristiani Circus in United States
• owner 1953-1955 at King Brothers Circus in United States

Franz Nock Sr.

• owner - at Circus Nock in Switzerland
• owner 1835-1837 at The Zoological Institute in United States

Arthur Reinsch

• artist - at Denmark unspecified circus in Denmark

Alby Perry

• owner 1958-1976 at Alberto's Circus & Zoo in Australia

Darix Togni

• director 1951-1976 at Circus Darix Togni in Italy

Iris Rhodin

• assistant director 1941- at Zoo Circus in Sweden

Leslie Sanger

• artist - at Circus Sanger in United Kingdom

Rudi Althoff

• animal trainer - at Circus Rudy Althoff in Germany

Marjorie Stockley

• director 1939-1955 at Chipperfield's Circus in United Kingdom
• owner 1948- at Chipperfield's Circus in United Kingdom

George Sanger

• artist - at Circus Sanger in United Kingdom

Mary Lindsay

• owner -1964 at Sole Brothers Circus in Australia
• artist 1914-1915 at St Leon’s Circus in Australia

Agenor Gomez

• owner 1942-1975 at Agenor Zoo in Brazil

Andy Sole

• equestrian - at Sole Brothers Circus in Australia

Harold Mason Young

• owner 1952-1975 at Chiang Mai Zoo in Thailand

Harry Belli

• owner - at Circus Belli in Germany

Masha Kornikova

• assistant director at Circus Kornilov in Russia
• assistant director - at Circus Filatov in Russia

Richard Chipperfield

• director -1975 at Chipperfield organisation station in Uganda

Maud Chipperfield

• assistant director - at Chipperfield's Circus in United Kingdom

Dominik Althoff

• animal trader - at Circus Dominik Althoff in Germany
• owner -1939 at Circus Dominik Althoff in Germany

Jayachamarajendra Wadiyar

• owner - at Mysore Palace Temple in India
• elephant owner - at Jayachamaraja Wadiyar Bahadurs elephants in India
• owner -1948 at Mysore Zoo in India

Kennedy Swain Sr.

• artist at Carson & Barnes Circus in United States
• artist - at Kelly Miller Circus in United States

Perc Bullen

• owner 1920-1969 at Bullen's Circus in Australia

Jan Żabiński

• director 1929-1939 at Warsaw Zoo (Ogrod Zoologiczny Warsaw) in Poland

Douglas Laing-Smith

• other -1974 at Ashtons Circus in Australia

Alex Reinsch

• owner 1930-1931 at Circus Dannebrog in Denmark

Adolph Strassburger

• animal trainer-1935 at Circus Strassburger in Netherlands
• animal trainer 1936-1940 at Circus Amar in France

Gösta Kruse

• animal trainer-1947 at Zoo Circus in Sweden
• elephant trainer 1947-1950 at Zoo Circus in Sweden
• elephant trainer 1951-1964 at Bertram Mills Circus in United Kingdom
• elephant trainer 1964-1971 at Cirque Pinder-Charles Spiessert in France
• elephant trainer 1971-1973 at Circus Pinder-Jean Richard in France

Alvin Kelly

• elephant keeper -1973 at Cole Bros. Circus (Clyde Beatty-Cole Brothers Circus) in United States

Eugene Houcke

• artist at France unspecified locations elephants in France

James Stockley

• director 1951-1968 at Chipperfield's Circus in United Kingdom
• director 1968-1973 at Natal Zoo Lion Park in South Africa

Angelika Bauer

• owner - at Circus Nock in Switzerland

Ernesta Canestrelli

• artist 1931-1932 at Circus Kludsky in Czech Republic

Jean Houcke

• director 1906-1907 at Nouveau Cirque in France
• owner 1930 at Circus Houcke-Rancy in France

Maria Klauser

• animal trainer 1949- at Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus in United States

Joe Gandey

• owner 1952-1973 at Gandey's Circus in United Kingdom

Willi Holzmüller

• elephant trainer - at Circus Holzmüller in Germany
• owner 1947 at Circus Willi Holzmüller in Germany

Hans Brick

• animal trainer at Circus Nikulin (Circus Salamonsky) in Russia
• animal trainer at Circus Blumenfeld in Germany
• animal trainer 1923 at Circus Strassburger in Netherlands
• elephant trainer 1932-1934 at Chessington World of Adventures (Chessington Zoo) in United Kingdom
• elephant trainer 1939-1943 at Wilson's Zoo in United Kingdom

Dany Renz

• owner-1972 at Circus Rancy in France
• owner - at Circus Universal Renz in Germany

Carl Schmidt

• owner -1972 at Circus Alberti in Germany

Dorthea Steckel

• owner 1930-1931 at Circus Dannebrog in Denmark

Fritz Oehme

• elephant trainer-1944 at Circus Sarrasani in Germany
• elephant trainer 1944- at Circus Knie in Switzerland

George A. Hamid Sr.

• owner 1932-1971 at Hamid Circus (Hamid-Morton Circus) in United States

Therese Swoboda

• director 1952-1969 at Circus Medrano-Swoboda in Austria

Jim Boswell

• owner -1942 at Boswell Circus in South Africa
• artist 1911-1912 at Fillis Circus in South Africa

Otto Sailer-Jackson

• animal trainer at Circus Gleich in Germany
• animal trainer at Circus Carl Hagenbeck-Stellingen in Germany
• animal trainer at Circus Knie in Switzerland
• animal trainer at Circus Sarrasani in Germany
• animal trainer at Circus Krone in Germany
• animal trainer 1921-1922 at Zoo Circus (Alfred Court) in France
• director 1934-1945 at Dresden Zoo in Germany

Therese Swoboda

• owner 1912-1969 at Circus Medrano-Swoboda in Austria

Emil Köhrmann

• zookeeper 1911- at Carl Hagenbecks Tierpark (Stellingen) in Germany

Pierre Offerman

• director 1938-1946 at Api Elephant Domestication Center in Congo
• director 1938-1946 at Gangala-na-Bodio Elephant Domestication Center in Congo
• director 1938-1946? at Garamba National Park in Congo

♀ Lilac (Anjue)

♀ Ndogo

♀ Nyoka

♀ Cookie

♀ Genny C (Timba)

♀ Tinker

♀ Zelda

♂ Arun

♀ Khali

♀ Laura

♀ Moshi

♀ Nanda (Nandy)

♀ Shanthi

♂ Tanga

♀ Tombi

♀ Kamala

♀ Ceyla (Ceyla-Himali)

♀ Ganga

♂ Bandara

♀ Bara

♀ Burma

♀ Sitakali

♀ Urvashi

♀ Iyoti

♂ CSar (Flapjack)

♀ Mali

♂ Satchmo

♂ Tarun

♀ Bibi (M851)

♀ Cuddles

♀ Hussy (M850)

♀ Kenny

♂ Smokey

♀ Tali (Sophie)

♀ Sanga

♂ Hatari (Billy)

♀ Jenny

♀ Sheila

♀ Aja

♀ Barbara

♀ Cinda (Cynda, Mzuri)

♂ Coco (Sultan)

♂ Cosi (Bud)

♀ Debbie

♀ Gloria

♀ Ladybird

♀ Lucy

♀ Mondula (Mondy)

♀ Mtoto

♂ Rip

♀ Safari

♀ Stephanie

♀ Kira

♀ Alice

♀ Jojo

♀ Kiasi

♀ Mama

♀ Manci

♀ Minoti

♀ Mojo

♀ Mumtas Mahal

♂ Perkins (Billy)

♀ Rhena

♀ Sneeze

♀ Tiki

♀ Aviva

♀ Katrina (Katerina)

♀ Norris (Mazal)

♀ Opel

♀ Patty

♂ Richard

♀ Rosie (Rosy)

♂ Samson (Sammy)

♀ Sandri (Sandrie)

♀ Ukali

♀ Ettie

♀ Kathy (Cathy)

♀ Maggie (Mug, Mugwamp)

♀ Devi

♀ Karla

♀ Jenny (Siam)

♀ Manju

♀ Mohini