Heart

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Definition of Heart
(Scientific name: Cardia)

From the elephant glossary Section: elephant anatomy

The position of an elephants Heart is in red color

An elephant Heart at Cornell University Collage of Veterinary medicine

Relevant Literature about Heart

The heart of an elephant weighs 12–21 kg (26–46 lb). It has a double-pointed apex, an unusual trait among mammals.[68] In addition, the ventricles separate near the top of the heart, a trait they share with sirenians

From The Heart Rate of the Elephant, Francis G. Benedict, Robert C. LeeWith an electric method employing radio amplification for transmittal of the action currents of the heart to a sensitive Moll galvanometer and special electrodes, records were obtained of the heart rates of 37 Adult, female, Indian elephants, the largest weighing 8,000 and 9,000 pounds.

When the elephants were standing quietly under ordinary conditions of feeding, the rates averaged 30 beats per minute. The lowest rate was 22 and the highest, 39 beats. This latter was found with the only elephant that presented any disciplinary problem and is explained by her extreme nervousness.

When the elephants were lying, the rates were higher, occasionally only one or two beats higher, but usually from 8 to 10 beats higher.

This is contrary to the findings with all other animals, which have lower heart rates when lying. In general, the smallest animals have the highest heart rates. The canary has been reported to have a rate of 1,000 beats, and the large domestic animals show rates of 40 or 50 beats. The elephant, with a rate of about 30 beats, fits perfectly into the picture, being the largest animal and having the lowest heart rate of any of the animals thus far studied. The Heart Rate of the Elephant, Francis G. Benedict, Robert C. Lee

Internal relevant links on website www.elephant.se

Heart mentioned in The Elephant Database

No country match the word Heart in the database.

23 locations holdings in the elephant database match the word Heart.

Bagh-e-Aam Public Gardens, zoo in Hyderabad
Belle Vue Zoological Gardens, zoo in Manchester
Ben Davenport, private in Gonzales
Bob Norris, private in
Cameron Park Waco Zoo, zoo in Waco
Central Park Zoo, zoo in New York
Circus Carl Hagenbeck-Stellingen, circus in Hamburg
Circus Renz, circus in Berlin
Circus Strassburger, circus in
Clem Coetzee, dealer in
Duke Alfred of Edinburgh, private in London
Gorongosa National Park, wild in Beira
Jenda Smaha, private in Sarasota
King Jigme Dorji Wangchuck, private in Thimphu
Lucknow Zoo, zoo in Lucknow
Manchester Museum, museum in Manchester
Naturalis Biodiversity Center, museum in Leiden
Pagels Circus (William Pagel), circus in
Ringling Brothers and Barnum and Bailey Circus (Red Unit), circus in Venice
Romanshorn Zoo, zoo in Romanshorn
Royal Ontario Museum, museum in Toronto
Sir Robert Fossetts Circus, circus in Northampton
Thrissur Zoo, zoo in Thrissur

107 elephants in the elephant database match the word Heart

LA-M Abu born 1960 arrived 1990-00-00 at Abu Camp in Botswana, from Randall Moore, in Botswana.
EM-M Airavata born arrived at Mathigodu elephant Camp in India, from Bannerghatta National Park, in India.
EM-F Amirah born 2017 arrived 2018-05-03 at Saree Elephant Training Center (PLG-Saree) in Indonesia
EM-F Annie born arrived 1918-07-20 at Henry Vilas Zoo in United States, from R.T. Richards Circus, in United States.
LA-F Arba born 1968 arrived 1971-04-14 at Prague Zoo (Zoo Praha) in Czech Republic, from Dvur Kralove Zoo, in Czech Republic.
EM-F Asha born 1995-02-02 arrived 2010-10-18 at Oklahoma City Zoo in United States, from Tulsa Zoo, in United States.
LA-F Babe (Baby) born 1984 arrived 1996-02-14 at Fund for Animals Black Beauty Ranch in United States, from Jorge Barreda, in United States.
EM-M Baby Butch born 1946? arrived 1948-00-00 at Dailey Bros. Circus in United States, from Boston Harbour, in United States.
EM-M Bandara born 1975-05-25 arrived 1976-05-25 at Calgary Zoo in Canada, from Sri Lanka National Zoological Gardens (Dehiwela Zoo), in Sri Lanka.
EM-F Birma born 1967-00-00 arrived 1996-09-18 at Krakow Zoo in Poland, from Jaderberg Zoo (Tier- und Freizeitpark Jaderberg), in Germany.
EM-F Bridgeport born 1882-02-02 arrived 1882-02-02 at Barnum and London Circus in United States
LA-M Bronowsky (wild) born arrived at Amboseli National Park in Kenya
EM-F Bullens Alice born arrived at Bullen's Circus in Australia
LA-F Buta born 1983 arrived 2014-02-20 at Noahs Ark Zoo Farm in United Kingdom, from Knowsley Safari Park, in United Kingdom.
EM-M Champa born arrived at Indore Zoo (Kamal Nehru Prani Sangrahalaya) in India
EM-F Chandra born 1996-07-02 arrived 2010-10-18 at Oklahoma City Zoo in United States, from Tulsa Zoo, in United States.
EM-M Chirakkal Mahadevan born arrived at Chirakkal Madhu in India
LA-F Chori born arrived at Sydney Zoo in Australia
EM-F Daisy born arrived 1936-00-00 at Maidstone Zoo (Sir Garrard Tyrwhitt-Drake) in United Kingdom
EM-F Deepa born 2007 arrived 2004-00-00 at Kaziranga Center for Wildlife Rehabilitation and Conservation (CWRC) in India
EM-F Dehli (Delhi) born 1972 arrived 1974-00-00 at Circus Krone in Germany, from Aalborg Zoo (Aalborg Zoologiske Have), in Denmark.
EM-F Dixie born 1955 arrived at Crandon Park Zoo in United States, from William C. Bergstrom, in United States.
EM-F Donna born 1958 arrived 1975-00-00 at Hollywild Animal Park (David Meeks) in United States, from Glen Oak Zoo, Peoria, in United States.
EM-F Duong-Jai born 1985 arrived at Phang Nga Elephant Park in Thailand
EM-F Ellie May born arrived at Belle Vue Zoological Gardens in United Kingdom
EM-M Frederik born 1970 arrived 1972-05-12 at Givskud Zoo in Denmark, from Jyllands Park Zoo (Jyllands Mini-Zoo - Havnstrup Zoo), in Denmark.
EM-F Fresia born arrived 1940-00-00 at Santiago Zoo (Jardin Zoologico Nacional de Chile) in Chile, from Rio de Janeiro Zoo, in Brazil.
EM-M Genki born 2016-10-27 arrived 2016-10-27 at Ichihara Elephant Kingdom in Japan
EM-M Hanno born arrived 1515-03-12 at Pope Leo X (Giovanni di Lorenzo de Medici) in Italy, from Ostia Port of Rome, in Italy.
EM-F Hatnee born arrived 1877-00-00 at Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden in United States
EM-F Ina born 1962 arrived at Royal Hanneford Circus (Tommy Hanneford) in United States, from Jungleland Thousand Oaks animal farm (Louis Goebel), in United States.
EM-F Jamuna born ~1974 arrived at Nehru Zoological Park in India
LA-M Jas (Jashu) born 1963-01-00 arrived 1988-10-29 at Howletts Wild Animal Park in United Kingdom, from Katowice Zoo, in Poland.
EM-F Jenny born 1961 arrived 2009-04-04 at Belfast Zoo (Bellevue Gardens) in United Kingdom, from Hannover Zoo, in Germany.
EM-M John born 1965 arrived 1966-08-15 at Perm Zoo in Russia, from Zoocentrum Moskwa (Objed), in Russia.
EM-F Jumbo born 1948 arrived at Turin Zoo (Zoo Torino) in Italy
EM-M Kandula I born arrived at Pinnawala elephant orphanage in Sri Lanka
LA-F Keke born 1968 arrived 2003-09-26 at Dallas Zoo in United States, from Caldwell Zoo, in United States.
LA-M Khartoum born 1903 arrived 1907-06-25 at Bronx Zoo in United States, from Firma Carl Hagenbeck, in Germany.
LA-M Kito born 2002-12-06 arrived 2009-06-03 at Dvur Kralove Zoo in Czech Republic, from Colchester Zoo, in United Kingdom.
EM-F Laila born 1958 arrived 1962-00-00 at Augsburg Zoo in Germany, from Hannover Zoo, in Germany.
EM-F Lakshmi born 1955 arrived 1957-08-08 at Berlin Zoo in Germany
EM-F Lakshmi born 1959 arrived 1977-00-00 at Mumbai Byculla Jijamata Udyan zoo in India, from Venus Circus (Maharaja Circus), in India.
LA-F Landa born 1984? arrived 1986-04-28 at Pretoria Zoo in South Africa, from Brian Boswells Circus, in South Africa.
EM-F Lene (Lena) born 1950 arrived 1988-03-22 at Belfast Zoo (Bellevue Gardens) in United Kingdom, from Chester Zoo, in United Kingdom.
EM-M Lin Wang born 1917 arrived 1954-00-00 at Taipei Zoo in Taiwan, from Fengshan military camp, in Taiwan.
EM-F Lizzie born arrived 1939-00-00 at Maidstone Zoo (Sir Garrard Tyrwhitt-Drake) in United Kingdom, from Little Tom Fossett's Circus, in United Kingdom.
EM-F Lola born 2011-10-28 arrived 2011-10-28 at Munich Zoo in Germany
EM-F Ma Schwe (Mashwe) born 1964 arrived 1968-10-30 at Auckland Zoo in New Zealand, from San Diego Zoo, in United States.
EM-F Maia born 1971 arrived at Asuncion Zoo in Paraguay
EM-F Malti born 2007-08-09 arrived 2007-08-09 at Calgary Zoo in Canada
EM-F Mangal Peary born arrived 1932-05-04 at Whipsnade Wild Animal Park in United Kingdom, from Alfred Ezra, in United Kingdom.
EM-F Mary born 1966 arrived 1971-00-00 at Walding Zoo in Austria, from Halbritter, in Austria.
LA-M Merru born 2017-12-00 arrived 2018-09-02 at DSWT Nairobi nursery in Kenya, from Imenti forest, in Kenya.
EM-F Millie (Lady Millie) born 1972 arrived 1981-05-01 at Cricket St Thomas Wildlife Park in United Kingdom, from Woburn Safari Park, in United Kingdom.
EM-F Miss Chic born 1923 arrived 1926-07-12 at Jacksonville Zoo and Gardens in United States, from Carl Hagenbecks Tierpark (Stellingen), in Germany.
EM-F Miss India born arrived 1950-00-00 at Mills Brothers Circus in United States, from Polack Brothers Circus, in United States.
LA-F Mopani born arrived 2003-00-00 at The Crags elephant sanctuary in South Africa, from Glen Afric (Brooker farm), in South Africa.
LA-M Moyo born 2013-05-13 arrived 2018-06-25 at Magdeburg Zoo in Germany, from Wuppertal Zoo, in Germany.
LA-F Mweiga born 1998-11-00 arrived 1999-00-00 at DSWT Voi in Kenya
EM-M Myan Kumara born arrived 2013-00-00 at Bellanwila Rajamaha Viharaya temple in Sri Lanka, from Myanmar Timber Enterprise (MTE), in Myanmar.
EM-F Mythili born 1965 arrived at Dubare elephant camp (Aanekaadu) in India, from Nagarhole National Park, in India.
EM-F Narmada born arrived 2013-08-28 at Theppakadu Mudumalai Forest Camp (MFC) in India, from Tiruvannamalai district, in India.
EM-M Nga-Sun (wild) born arrived at Rayong province in Thailand
EM-M noname born 2017-06-12 arrived 2017-06-12 at Cologne Zoo (Köln Zoo) in Germany
EM-F Oly born 1961 arrived 1963-00-00 at Berlin Circus Union in Germany, from George Munro, in Germany.
LA-F Petal born 1955 arrived 1957-05-13 at Philadelphia Zoo in United States, from Firma Ruhe, in Germany.
EM-M Plaiwan born 1987 arrived 2012-01-00 at Somchai Yoothongkham in Thailand
LA-F Pole Pole born 1966 arrived 1968-00-00 at London Zoo in United Kingdom, from Whipsnade Wild Animal Park, in United Kingdom.
EM-F Prabortana born arrived at Dhaka Mirpur Zoo in Bangladesh
EM-M Prince Utah born 1918-04-29 arrived 1918-04-29 at Hogle Zoo (Salt City Zoo) in United States
LA-M Raditlou Wantha born 1998-12-00 arrived 1998-12-00 at Abu Camp in Botswana
EM-F Rara born 2003 arrived 2009-10-02 at Elephant Nature Park (ENP) in Thailand, from Sheraton Krabi Beach Resort Hotel, in Thailand.
EM-M Reed #1 (Sabu, Jim) born 1964 arrived 1970-00-00 at Rex Williams in United States, from Paul Kelly, in United States.
EM-F Rhena (Betsy, Baby) born 1962 arrived 1963-04-02 at Rhenen Zoo in Netherlands
LA-F Rosemary born 1965 arrived 1971-00-00 at Knowsley Safari Park in United Kingdom
EM-F Safari born 1926 arrived 1956-05-31 at Dresden Zoo in Germany, from Zoo Circus, in Sweden.
LA-M Sahib born 1982 arrived 2001-00-00 at Platschow Elefantenhof in Germany, from Circus Alfons Quaiser, in Germany.
EM-F Sambo (Sombo) born 1997 arrived at Angkor Wat elephants in Cambodia
LA-F Seronga born 1994 arrived at Sigean Zoo in France, from Erfurt Zoo, in Germany.
LA-F Seta born 1981 arrived 1983-08-31 at Dvur Kralove Zoo in Czech Republic
EM-M Shenka born 1959 arrived 1993-09-14 at Circus Alberti in Germany, from Erfurt Zoo, in Germany.
LA-F Shibi born 1977-01-01 arrived 1980-01-01 at Howletts Wild Animal Park in United Kingdom
LA-M Shoshangane (wild) born >1971 arrived at Balule Nature Reserve in South Africa, from Kruger National Park, in South Africa.
EM-F Singora born 1943 arrived 1953-06-01 at Duisburg Zoo in Germany, from Carl Hagenbecks Tierpark (Stellingen), in Germany.
EM-F Sita born 1986 arrived 1986-11-30 at Usti nad Labem Zoo in Czech Republic, from Saigon Zoo (Ho Chi Minh Zoo), in Vietnam.
EM-F Sitara born arrived at Billy Arjan Singh in India
EM-F Sri Utama born arrived at Singapore Night Safari in Singapore
EM-F stillborn born 2013-08-26 arrived 2013-08-26 at Copenhagen Zoo in Denmark
EM-F Swe San Thay born 1979-11-28 arrived 1988-06-27 at Emmen Zoo in Netherlands, from E.A.G. van den Brink, in Netherlands.
LA-F Tana born 1972 arrived 1974-00-00 at Liberec Zoo in Czech Republic, from Dvur Kralove Zoo, in Czech Republic.
LA-M Tantor born 1969 arrived 1974-07-30 at Toronto Zoo in Canada, from International Fertilizer and Chemical Company (Fred Zeehandelaar), in United States.
LA-F Tanya born 1979 arrived 2007-10-00 at Cameron Park Waco Zoo in United States, from Abilene Zoo, in United States.
LA-F Tara born 1960 arrived 1966-12-02 at Los Angeles Zoo in United States, from International Animal Exchange (Ferndale), in United States.
EM-F Tina born 1970-04-26 arrived 2003-08-11 at Tennessee Elephant Sanctuary (TES) in United States, from Vancouver Zoo (Vancouver Game Farm), in Canada.
LA-F Toto born 1968 arrived 1983-02-10 at Taronga Dubbo Western Plains Zoo in Australia, from Sydney Zoo, in Australia.
EM-M Tunga (Tonga) born 1964 arrived 1991-07-03 at Hawthorn Corporation in United States, from Portland Zoo (Metro Washington Park Zoo), in United States.
EM-F Tus (Tusser, Toose, Hard Times) born 1963 arrived at Circus Vargas in United States, from Rex Williams, in United States.
EM-M Tusko (Ned) born 1890 arrived 1932-10-08 at Seattle Zoo (Woodland Park Zoo) in United States, from George ”Slim” Lewis, in United States.
EM- unknown born arrived 1966-00-00 at George´s Pet Shop (George Flemming) in United States
EM-F unknown born arrived 2013-05-06 at Kaziranga Center for Wildlife Rehabilitation and Conservation (CWRC) in India
EM-M Unnamed born 2020-07-19 arrived 2020-07-19 at Kaziranga unspecified elephant camp in India
EM-F Urvashi born 1975 arrived 1979-12-29 at Dvur Kralove Zoo in Czech Republic, from Soest Zoo, in Netherlands.
EM-F Winthida born 1967-04-19 arrived 2015-11-28 at Naples Zoo (Giardino Zoologico di Napoli) in Italy, from Copenhagen Zoo, in Denmark.
-F Wurza born 1978 arrived at Circus Arlette Gruss in France
LA-F Yvonne (Ivonee, Bibi) born 1967 arrived 2008-07-23 at Rostock Zoo in Germany, from Nuremberg Zoo, in Germany.
EM-M Zuki born 2014-03-03 arrived at Journey to Freedom project (Sangduen Chailert) in Thailand, from Khun Pai Tun, in Thailand.

Reference list Koehl, Dan, (2021). Heart. Elephant Encyclopedia, available online retrieved 20 September 2021 at https://www.elephant.se/index.php?id=35. (archived at the Wayback machine)

Sources used for this article is among others:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephant#Organs
Benedict, F. G.; Lee, R. C. (1936). "The heart rate of the elephant". Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society. 76 (3): 335–41, available online at http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0003-049X(1936)76%3A3%3C335%3ATHROTE%3E2.0.CO%3B2-H

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About this documentThis document was created: 2007-04-04. Latest update: 2021-10-08 07:28:16 included 1671 characters with valid HTML5

Definition of Heart(Scientific name: Cardia)